If life is a play.....what will YOUR verse be?

Remember last month how we were inspired to keep different kinds of Journals?  Well, pull those journals out for this weeks lens and get ready to be inspired!!!  A journal is a great place to write poetry. What do you think when you hear the word POETRY? Does it make you nervous, excited, sad?  Watch this clip to get your creative juices flowing. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aS1esgRV4Rc



Required
  Study the life of Eliza R Snow.  She is sometimes referred to as Zion's Poetess. Learn about her and teach us what you discover.  How did she emulate the principle of being STEADFAST? 


Here are some links to get you started


https://www.lds.org/liahona/1987/09/eliza-r-snow?lang=eng




Free ebook  "The Life and Labors of Eliza R Snow"  http://books.google.com/books?id=wXFNAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA8&lpg=PA8&dq=eliza+r+snow+poem+for+thomas+jefferson&source=bl&ots=8Z_Meh1Bsf&sig=XMTdsxZEljEoLpHGn1dQ93yBSQI&hl=en&sa=X&ei=uPZcVLe7GM78yQTJw4D4Cg&ved=0CEAQ6AEwBQ#v=onepage&q=eliza%20r%20snow%20poem%20for%20thomas%20jefferson&f=false









Do you have a favorite poem that she wrote and why?  Did you know that she was asked to write a poem at the death of Thomas Jefferson and John Adams as they died on the same day in 1826? 


Did you know that Eliza R Snow wrote several hymns in our hymn book?  Come prepared to share a favorite hymn or you may even perform it on the piano or an instrument of choice.




Choose to do 1 or more of the following
 #1  Research the different types of poetry. 
http://www.poetryfoundation.org/learning/glossary-terms?category=forms-and-types


#2  You may like to try your hand at some poetry and share with the class. 


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pYB3u9714IQ
http://www.oprah.com/spirit/12-Ways-to-Write-a-Poem


  Five easy steps to writing a slam poem https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9f8VcV8v2LE







#3  There are many poets and poetess.  Pick a person to research and share some of their poems. 


Here are some to choose from

               William Shakespeare

                Emily Dickenson

                Walt Whitman

                Robert Frost

               Edgar Allen Poe

              W.B. Yeats

              William Wordsworth

              Langston Hughes

             Elizabeth Barrett Browning

              Henry Wadsworth Longfellow

 Gutenburg.org has free poetry in the public domain http://www.gutenberg.org/wiki/Poetry_(Bookshelf)#Children.27s








#4  Write a Haiku   https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8qP-kx19zgw






#5   Is there any poetry in scripture?  Tell us about some. 


Wow!  If you really wanted to go the EXTRA mile you could read this article and try to explain it to me.  https://www.lds.org/ensign/1990/06/understanding-old-testament-poetry?lang=eng


The sky is the limit here!!  Please feel free to research some of your own unique ideas about poetry.  The more YOU research the more we all learn!!  That is what this is all about.  SO.... come ready to teach and inspire us!!

Eureka! Thomas Edison and Inventions

Hey everyone,

-Thomas Edison said "Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration."  This month we will be investigating Thomas Edison and his inventions along with a few other inventors.   Ralph Waldo Emerson Said” That which we persist in doing becomes easier to do, not that the nature of the thing has changed but that our power to do has increased.” What do you think inventing has to do with Steadfastness or Persistence? Come back to that question as you do the inspirements for this week.

Inspirements For Everyone:

A. Explore the inventor Thomas Edison by watching  this video.

B. Read or Listen to this talk by President Uchtdorf.  Consider how all inventions have to be created spiritually (in your mind) before they can be created physically.  What force face an inventor when he can see something in his/her minds' eye but no one else can see it?  How is this like us and what do we see that others can't see?

C. Watch this video about Edison's inventions and learn a little more about one of them.  You also could visit Thomas A. Edison and the Menlo Park Laboratory  and make and show or tell about one of Thomas Edison inventions and how it is still being used today.

Then CHOOSE one or more of these INSPIREMENTS, get inspired and come prepared to teach us about it.  You can teach us any way you like!


1. Watch one of the many movies that he made  on YouTube and find out how he made them

2. Philo Farnsworth invented television there are many videos

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KOlJCezrUE4

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PMwEhrRmIVE

3. So who gets credit for inventing the radio?

http://www.history.com/topics/inventions/nikola-tesla/videos/radio-creates-a-

cultural-phenomenon

4. More on Nikola Tesla http://www.pbs.org/tesla/ll/

5. Who invented the diesel engine? Here is a simple explanation of how it works.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UiiqiiTDj0A

6. Where did gun come from? http://www.theblaze.com/stories/2013/03/12/the-

history-and-evolution-of-guns-as-told-through-pictures/

7. This is an amazing ted talk on the brain

http://www.ted.com/talks/jeff_iliff_one_more_reason_to_get_a_good_night_s_sleep

?language=en

8.  Here is an article how music effects

us http://www.classicalforums.com/articles/music_brain.html

              Make Paper Models of Polyhedra

9. http://www.korthalsaltes.com/

10. balance http://www.theblaze.com/stories/2014/10/31/when-you-see-his-gravity-

defying-completed-artwork-youll-likely-just-stare-in-astonishment/

11. read this talk //www.lds.org/new-era/2013/07/forgiving-the-one-in-the-mirror?lang=eng

12. Make a flip book here is a how to video.   What does this have to do with Thomas Edison?

Twas the Night before Vanguard and all through the house ...

WARNING!  There is A LOT of cool, thought provoking, I want to know more about that kinda of stuff, stuff.  So turn on the Christmas music and lets get in the spirit of Christmas!


Twas the Night before Vangaurd and all through the house
The children were studying as quiet as a mouse

Their folders were packed with  inspirements real tight
With past Christmas' and traditions, oh, what a sight......


Christmas is so rich with traditions! Where did these traditions come from?

Read the story of Handel.  How does his life relate to Steadfast and ....
How does his life influence you?


Here are some wonderful videos you can watch about the birth of the Savior.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NVi6MxynryE&safe=active
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KuDXORaBRTc&safe=active

We would like all of you to come and share some of your favorite Christmas traditions that you do in your families. What are some ideas that your family have to make Christmas a Christ centered time of year?

Scroll down to see a few primary source   documents to study.  After looking them over, choose one or more of these inspirements to teach your classmates about the history of Christmas. (These are taken from the JackDaw study of Christmas traditions)

Finally,  travel to Europe through Christmas traditions. Do you have family ties to a country in Europe? How did they celebrate Christmas? Choose one or more inspirements from the Geography section and teach us what Christmas was like for your ancestors. 

History

1. In recent years, the Supreme Court of the United States ruled that city governments could not sponsor nativity scenes during the holiday season. The court concluded that this practice violated the First Amendment guarantee of the separation between church and state. Do you agree or disagree with the court's ruling?  Provide an argument for your position.

2. Exhibit 2 is a proclamation by Parliament in 1652 banning the celebration of Christmas. Puritans ruled England at this time. The Puritans in the american colonies also forbade the holiday. They argued that the festivities were unholy, sine Christmas had its roots in pagan winter celebrations. Do you think the Puritans were justified in banning the holiday? Was their argument sound? Or were there problems with their reasoning?

3. Christmas has elements of both pagan and Christian traditions. Review Broadsheet 2, "Is Christmas Christian? and the Christmas customs described in Broadsheets 3 and 4. Create a chart that categorizes the customs as either pagan or Christian. Divide a large sheet of paper in half. On the left side, list and briefly describe al the customs whose roots can be traced to pagan practices. On the right side, list and describe the customs which sprang from
christianity. Do  you think Christmas is mainly a Christian, or a pagan celebration? or is it a balanced mixture of both? Discuss these questions with your classmates.

4. Make the "kissing bough" shown in Broadsheet 5. Kissing under the mistletoe is an English tradition, but mistletoe was a very special plant to the Scandinavian peoples. Read about the death of Balder, a Scandinavian hero, in a book of Norse mythology. Hang your bough in the classroom, and tell your classmates the story of Balder. Explain why the Scandinavians saw the mistletoe as both helpful and harmful to humans.


Geography...
Europe - What countries does it consist of?

1. Find a favorite Christmas carol and tell us its history. You can share it with us using any medium you like, art, music(your favorite version of the song),storytelling, food, video, etc.

The story of Silent Night-  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QMTR2vwn3Mc&safe=active

2. Research Christmas traditions of Europe, there are so many to choose from. Bring anything you need to tell about or to demonstrate these traditions. You could bring items to show us, food traditions to share, traditional clothing, games etc.

Rick Steves videos on traditions in different countries in Europe. Here are a couple
Italy-  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UFEQ68K4_zs&safe=active
Austria-  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EJFGwyH7wvM&spfreload=10

3. How is Santa Clause celebrated in other countries? What does he look like? What is his role in the Christmas Holiday. You may find some very interesting things out. Come prepared to show us the differences.

4. You can listen to or read the Christmas Carol if you want or you could learn somethings about Charles Dickens and tell us about his life.

Audio of The Christmas Carol  https://librivox.org/a-christmas-carol-by-charles-dickens/

5. Make a Nativity and bring it to show us.

November - Steadfast

Steadfast - November 2014

Scripture : “Therefore, I would that ye should be steadfast and immovable, always abounding in good works, that Christ, the Lord God Omnipotent, may seal you his, that you may be brought to heaven, that ye may have everlasting salvation and eternal life, through the wisdom, and power, and justice, and mercy of him who created all things, in heaven and in earth, who is God above all” (Mosiah 5:15)

Good Timber

by Douglas Malloch

The tree that never had to fight

For sun and sky and air and light,

But stood out in the open plain

And always got its share of rain,

Never became a forest king

But lived and died a scrubby thing.

The man who never had to toil

To gain and farm his patch of soil,

Who never had to win his share

Of sun and sky and light and air,

Never became a manly man

But lived and died as he began.

Good timber does not grow with ease:

The stronger wind, the stronger trees;

The further sky, the greater length;

The more the storm, the more the strength.

By sun and cold, by rain and snow,

In trees and men good timbers grow.

Where thickest lies the forest growth,

We find the patriarchs of both.

And they hold counsel with the stars

Whose broken branches show the scars

Of many winds and much of strife.

This is the common law of life.

Steadfast – What does it mean to be Steadfast?  What can you be steadfast in? 

Read or Listen -  to this article about being steadfast in being Disciples of Christ- https://www.lds.org/new-era/2008/01/steadfast-and-immovable-always-abounding-in-good-works?lang=eng

Discuss - Have your parents or grandparents been steadfast in their lives?  Talk to them about what this means to them and if they had even a small example of them standing for what is right.

Gather -  5 or more quotes about being Steadfast or Persistent - Bring us all a copy of them (20 copies).  Here are some possible starting places for you to check for quotes you really like.

http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/keywords/steadfast.html  http://thinkexist.com/quotes/with/keyword/steadfast/

https://www.lds.org/search?q=steadfast&lang=eng&domains=general-conference

http://www.openbible.info/topics/being_steadfast

Choose at least 1 inspirement to do and share with us:

Study someone who has been steadfast in the face of trials.  You must read something – not just tell what you remember from your mom telling you the story.   Plan to share their story through telling it, powerpoint, art or anything else.  Some possibilities are:

Shadrack, Meshach and Abednego

Queen Esther

Joseph of Egypt

Nephi

Mother Theresa

Stonewall Jackson

Abraham Lincoln

Charles Goodyear

Thomas Edison  ....

Listen to one of these programs and retell us the story - Enduring It Well   You could also paint a picture or make something to remember it and bring it and show it to us.

Set a goal that is difficult for you to keep – Keep it all week and tell us about the battles you had to fight to keep that goal.  This could be physical, spiritual, educational or emotional.

Do a word study on one or more of these words – Steadfast,  Persistent, Perseverance, Patience, Endurance

Watch this video on Nick Vujicic .  Then watch at least one other video on him.  Plan to teach us how this has impacted you in your life. How do you think differently now?

Listen to or watch this talk Endure It Well or this one BYU Speech by Elder Maxwell.  Teach us what you learned from it.

Watch this video from BYUI’s Power 2 Be conference Amy Antonelli and this video Spencer Taggert What is your vision of yourself?

Listen to Elder Christofferson's talk from conference Free Forever to Act for Themselves or Elder Oak's Loving Others and Living with Differences.  What is going on today that they reference and how can we be steadfast?

Read or listen to “An Old Fashioned Girl” by Louisa May Alcott.  PDF  or Librivox  Check these quotes - Goodreads Quotes  Do you remember them?  Which is your favorite? Why?  How was Polly steadfast?

Materials needed!

Hello Vanguard!!

In order for Imaginative Arts to be a success tomorrow, I am going to need some help with some materials. I have some materials that we can make-do with, but we can have so much more fun if we get more of the following. (Bring some of what you have on hand.) 

*Starred ones are the ones that I need most importantly. But we'd like to get enough of all these things.

*watercolor paper

*brushes

fine permanent markers, copic, micron pens, sketch pens

colored pencils

printer paper

brown paper grocery bags?

cereal boxes

*cardboard boxes 

Thank you so much!

Vanguard with be at Sister Hanks’ home at 2469 Van Buren Ave, Ogden.

If you are coming from the temple go south on Washington then east onto 24th Street. I am one block west of Harrison on Van Buren Ave. Our home is a blue victorian.

Keeping a Journal Can Change Your Life

Keeping A Journal Can Change Your Life

For Everyone: 

Spencer W. Kimball admonished us, “So we ask you again to do the things that we have suggested, brothers and sisters, such as keeping up your homes and writing in your journals. Every person should keep a journal and every person can keep a journal. It should be an enlightening one and should bring great blessings and happiness to the families. If there is anyone here who isn’t doing so, will you repent today and change—change your life?”

Keeping a Journal YOUR Way

There are many ways to keep a journal. Here are some ways:

Traditional way with pen/pencil and paper in a bound book.

Written on your computer.

On an app on your tablet.

Creating a blog.

Writing Letters and emails.

Scrapbooking.

Gratitude journal, like Pres. Eyrings.

Digital recording.

Video recordings:

You can keep locally on your computer or put onto YouTube on a private channel. Some of you may have computers, laptops, iPods or phones that record videos.

Study Journal :

Elder Richard G. Scott said, "Knowledge carefully recorded is knowledge available in time of need. Spiritually sensitive information should be kept in a sacred place that communicates to the Lord how you treasure it. This practice enhances the likelihood of your receiving further light." (" Acquiring Spiritual Knowledge ," Ensign, Nov. 1993, 86.) 

An embellished journal. 

What’s that? 

An embellished journal is a journal where you keep your thoughts, collect your favorite moments (or worst moments) and you add doodles or masterpieces to your pages alongside your drawing.

Are you a nature journal kinda person, are you a study journal kinda person? Are you a video recording journaling kinda person?

During Vanguard on Imaginative Arts Tuesday, we will be experimenting with watercolors, pens and pencils. We will be playing around with ways to make our journals our very own. There are some tutorials below to give you a head start.  During this week, if you find a great tutorial website, we would all benefit from it if you share it by putting in a comment below. Thanks!!

Challenge:  For at least the next 2 weeks, keep a journal. It can be YOUR way. Journals are personal and will bless you, your family and future generations. (note: I will not ask you to share them. However, I will be asking about your experience.)

_______________________________________________________________________________

Do 1 or more INSPIREMENTS:

**Warning: you may not be able to stop yourself from doing all of them!!**

1.  Make a list of Journal or art prompts to include in a journal to share with the class. Share what kind of journal person YOU are.

2.  Check out these famous peoples’ journals. Choose 1 to share with the class and then tell us why you liked this persons journal.  

**note: feel free to investigate a person not listed that you’d like to learn about or an ancestor you’d like to share about their journal.

Here is link to journals: http://www.artofmanliness.com/2010/09/13/the-pocket-notebooks-of-20-famous-men/

Beethoven

Ben Franklin

Lewis and Clark

Pablo Picasso

Thomas Edison

Leonardo DaVinci

Thomas Jefferson

George Lucas

John James Audoubon

Wilford Woodruff - he would illuminate and doodle in his journal. His journal is well known as one of the most helpful and accurate records in the early days of the church. Here are some of his 

3. Check out mind map art. What?? I know! It is a crazy cool way to set goals or clear your brain or brainstorm or even journal. Here is the link: mindmapart.com

Inspirement: make an art mind map and share with us.

4. Try illustrating your scripture study. See this website for an example. http://oneofakindgiftideas.blogspot.com/2012/05/artistic-scripture-journaling-koi.html Share your experience.

5. Watch at least 1 video or all of these tutorials, then play around with some of these techniques, share your results. 

Check out these pinterest boards:
Art Journal examples: http://www.pinterest.com/Muffinsmonstret/art-journals/
And these videos:
How to draw mammals: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qcd-E2AqA5I
How to sketch birds: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4jV7TVUJdHw

How to paint a realistic shell in watercolor by Anna Mason: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R-9AeKhJUyE

Detailed watercolor tutorials: http://watercolourswithwow.com/free-resources/painting-technique/

6. Find out what a smash book is. Create one and share it with us. Here a link for a quick reference.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XmaWY7Wk0qA#t=45

• FOR EVERYONE:
  Read this article about Galileo Galilei: http://www.nytimes.com/1992/10/31/world/after-350-years-vatican-says-galileo-was-right-it-moves.html
  He had to stand up to some pretty intense pressure. How did he deal with that, and
  how do you feel about it?
  
  
  
  Henry Eyring, President Eyring's father, well a renowned chemist who was often asked about how he resolved differences between his faith and science. Read here what he had to say about that, and how he approached the issue.
  https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B6azIQ024QwFYjI1eUliQVJCck0/view?usp=sharing
  
  
  
  Inspirements for Presentations to Your Vanguard Group
  Choose one or more of these inspirements as preparation for class.
  Make or do something to help teach everyone else about what you learned. You will be given five minutes to in class to share.
  
  
  
  
  
  
  1. Learn about the binary system here: https://www.khanacademy.org/math/pre-algebra/applying-math-reasoning-topic/alternate-number-bases/v/number-systems-introduction?utm_source=Sailthru&utm_medium=email&utm_term=Stuff%20you%20might%20like%20After%20Test%20Cohort%20Made&utm_campaign=Highlighted%20Content%2016%20Ph2%20After%20Test%20Cohort%20072614&utm_content=Final
  Why is the binary system useful?
  Remember to use your discovery notebook to record your findings.
  2. What are conic sections - what are some real life uses of conic sections?
     
  3. What is the Golden Rectangle? - find pictures and objects and measure their sides. Find the ratios and see which ones match the golden rectangle. Can your eye pick them out without measuring? Make a poster to share what you found.
     
  4. "Descartes, Galileo, Johannes Kepler, Robert Boyle, Robert Hooke, and Isaac Newton founded modern science. Most of these great people of science believed that God the Creator had designed nature with a basic harmony that they could trace out. They were convinced that experiments should not lead to a bewildering array of contradictory facts. Instead, those facts should fit into simple, easily understood laws." Tiner, "Exploring the World of Mathematics" pg 98.
  What does this mean to you?
  5. Is science and math really a set of man-made inventions or is it a process of discovery of God's laws and patterns that have always existed?
     
  6. Research our current decimal money system. Who was influential in bringing about common use of the decimal point? When was it implemented? What were U.S. currency values like before it was implemented? Look up the money systems in two other countries. What "base" are they? (Ours is a base 10).
     
  7. What does "base 10" mean? What other "base" systems are in use (or were used in the past)? Where and for what?
     
  8. What were Napier's Bones? Can you figure out how to use it?
     
  9. Research the history of counting/numbering systems. This article would be a good starting point: http://www.deseretnews.com/article/865560110/A-brief-history-of-numbers-and-counting-Part-1-Mathematics-advanced-with-civilization.html?pg=all&ref=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F
     
  10. How has the discovery of Arabic numbers and our current number/counting system opened the door for further advancements and discoveries? How important was the "discovery of zero" and why? What kind of fascinating number patterns have you read about that are possible because of this amazing discovery (or was it inspiration???)?
      
  11. Research different kinds of abaci (abacuses). How are they the same, how do they differ? Make one and learn how to use it. Be ready to demonstrate it in class. Here is a link for an idea: (http://www.education.com/activity/article/abacus/)
      
  12. How is math used to send information securely over the web? Find out about other types of codes and cyphers. What modern day uses are there? Create a code of your own.
      
  13. What are permutations? Want a challenge? The Rubik's cube has 43,252,003,274,489,856,000 (43 quintillion) possible positions, and only one is the correct one. Do some research on how math can be used to solve a Rubiks' cube. If you figure it out, we'd love to see a demonstration!
      
  14. Watch Donald Duck in Mathmagic Land on YouTube. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U_ZHsk0-eF0 What are some of the places he finds math “magic” in his adventures? Choose a second inspirement so you have something to present.
      
  15. Record 3 specific examples of Fibonacci numbers in nature in your notebook. For example, counting spirals on pinecones, numbers of flower petals, and the number of revolutions around a plant stem it takes for the leaves to appear underneath each other.
      
  16. Research math in music or math in art.Will knowing the math behind how it works help you be a better artist or musician? Do you have an art or music composition that demonstrates these principles that you could share?
      
  
  
  
  
  Optional Bonus Inspirement, because this is so cool:
  Explore this website: https://faculty.washington.edu/chudler/statistics.html
  (Don't miss the page on "How to Lie and Cheat with Statistics")
  
  • What are statistics? Find some examples of statistics on the internet. Do you think they are right?
    
  • Can you believe every statistic you hear? What is bias? Can you find things about the statistics that you found that might make you question whether they are true or not? (ie - who is doing the study??, what is their motive?? what is the sample size?? was the sample representative of the whole??)
    
  • What are the odds of winning the lottery?
    
  • What are the odds of gambling at various casino games? How much money would you spend in a game before you won? Is it worth the gamble?
    
  • Can having a knowledge of statistics and probability help you think more carefully and make better decisions? Can it help you be a better judge of what others are trying to convince you of??
    
  Another Optional Bonus Inspirement, because this is also cool:
  Read this excerpt from Flatland, by Edwin Abbot. We will post excerpts all year long, so you can eventually read it all. It's pretty short, but is an interesting look into perspectives and dimensions.

  ---

  
  

  Part I: This World

  "Be patient, for the world is broad and wide."
  

  1. Of the Nature of Flatland

  I CALL our world Flatland, not because we call it so, but to make its nature clearer to you, my happy readers, who are privileged to live in Space.
  Imagine a vast sheet of paper on which straight Lines, Triangles, Squares, Pentagons, Hexagons, and other figures, instead of remaining fixed in their places, move freely about, on or in the surface, but without the power of rising above or sinking below it, very much like shadows - only hard and with luminous edges - and you will then have a pretty correct notion of my country and countrymen. Alas, a few years ago, I should have said "my universe": but now my mind has been opened to higher views of things.
  In such a country, you will perceive at once that it is impossible that there should be anything of what you call a "solid" kind; but I dare say you will suppose that we could at least distinguish by sight the Triangles, Squares, and other figures, moving about as I have described them. On the contrary, we could see nothing of the kind, not at least so as to distinguish one figure from another. Nothing was visible, nor could be visible, to us, except Straight Lines; and the necessity of this I will speedily demonstrate.
  Place a penny on the middle of one of your tables in Space; and leaning over it, look down upon it. It will appear a circle.
  But now, drawing back to the edge of the table, gradually lower your eye (thus bringing yourself more and more into the condition of the inhabitants of Flatland), and you will find the penny becoming more and more oval to your view; and at last when you have placed your eye exactly on the edge of the table (so that you are, as it were, actually a Flatlander) the penny will then have ceased to appear oval at all, and will have become, so far as you can see, a straight line.
  The same thing would happen if you were to treat in the same way a Triangle, or Square, or any other figure cut out of pasteboard. As soon as you look at it with your eye on the edge on the table, you will find that it ceases to appear to you a figure, and that it becomes in appearance a straight line. Take for example an equilateral Triangle - who represents with us a Tradesman of the respectable class. Fig. 1 represents the Tradesman as you would see him while you were bending over him from above; figs. 2 and 3 represent the Tradesman, as you would see him if your eye were close to the level, or all but on the level of the table; and if your eye were quite on the level of the table (and that is how we see him in Flatland) you would see nothing but a straight line.
  
  
  When I was in Spaceland I heard that your sailors have very similar experiences while they traverse your seas and discern some distant island or coast lying on the horizon. The far-off land may have bays, forelands, angles in and out to any number and extent; yet at a distance you see none of these (unless indeed your sun shines bright upon them revealing the projections and retirements by means of light and shade), nothing but a grey unbroken line upon the water.
  Well, that is just what we see when one of our triangular or other acquaintances comes toward us in Flatland. As there is neither sun with us, nor any light of such a kind as to make shadows, we have none of the helps to the sight that you have in Spaceland. If our friend comes closer to us we see his line becomes larger; if he leaves us it becomes smaller: but still he looks like a straight line; be he a Triangle, Square, Pentagon, Hexagon, Circle, what you will - a straight Line he looks and nothing else. You may perhaps ask how under these disadvantageous circumstances we are able to distinguish our friends from one another: but the answer to this very natural question will be more fitly and easily given when I come to describe the inhabitants of Flatland. For the present let me defer this subject, and say a word or two about the climate and houses in our country.
  

  2. Of the Climate and Houses in Flatland

  AS WITH you, so also with us, there are four points of the compass North, South, East, and West.
  There being no sun nor other heavenly bodies, it is impossible for us to determine the North in the usual way; but we have a method of our own. By a Law of Nature with us, there is a constant attraction to the South; and, although in temperate climates this is very slight - so that even a Woman in reasonable health can journey several furlongs northward without much difficulty - yet the hampering effect of the southward attraction is quite sufficient to serve as a compass in most parts of our earth. Moreover, the rain (which falls at stated intervals) coming always from the North, is an additional assistance; and in the towns we have the guidance of the houses, which of course have their side-walls running for The most part North and South, so that the roofs may keep off the rain from the North. In the country, where there are no houses, the trunks of the trees serve as some sort of guide. Altogether, we have not so much difficulty as might be expected in determining our bearings.
  Yet in our more temperate regions, in which the southward attraction is hardly felt, walking sometimes in a perfectly desolate plain where there have been no houses nor trees to guide me, I have been occasionally compelled to remain stationary for hours together, waiting till the rain came before continuing my journey. On the weak and aged, and especially on delicate Females, the force of attraction tells much more heavily than on the robust of the Male Sex, so that it is a point of breeding, if you meet a Lady in the street, always to give her the North side of the way - by no means an easy thing to do always at short notice when you are in rude health and in a climate where it is difficult to tell your North from your South.
  Windows there are none in our houses: for the light comes to us alike in our homes and out of them, by day and by night, equally at all times and in all places, whence we know not. It was in old days, with our learned men, an interesting and oft-investigated question, "What is the origin of light?" and the solution of it has been repeatedly attempted, with no other result than to crowd our lunatic asylums with the would-be solvers. Hence, after fruitless attempts to suppress such investigations indirectly by making them liable to a heavy tax, the Legislature, in comparatively recent times, absolutely prohibited them. I - alas; I alone in Flatland - know now only too well the true solution of this mysterious problem; but my knowledge cannot be made intelligible to a single one of my countrymen; and I am mocked at - I, the sole possessor of the truths of Space and of the theory of the introduction of Light from the world of three Dimensions - as if I were the maddest of the mad! But a truce to these painful digressions: let me return to our houses.
  The most common form for the construction of a house is five- sided or pentagonal, as in the annexed figure. The two Northern sides RO, OF, constitute the roof, and for the most part have no doors; on the East is a small door for the Women; on the West a much larger one for the Men; the South side or floor is usually doorless.
  Square and triangular houses are not allowed, and for this reason. The angles of a Square (and still more those of an equilateral Triangle,) being much more pointed than those of a Pentagon, and the lines of inanimate objects (such as houses) being dimmer than the lines of Men and Women, it follows that there is no little danger lest the points of a square or triangular house residence might do serious injury to an inconsiderate or perhaps absent-minded traveller suddenly therefore, running against them: and as early as the eleventh century of our era, triangular houses were universally forbidden by Law, the only exceptions being fortifications, powder- magazines, barracks, and other state buildings, which it is not desirable that the general public should approach without circumspection. 
  
  At this period, square houses were still everywhere permitted, though discouraged by a special tax. But, about three centuries afterwards, the Law decided that in all towns containing a population above ten thousand, the angle of a Pentagon was the smallest house- angle that could be allowed consistently with the public safety. The good sense of the community has seconded the efforts of the Legislature; and now, even in the country, the pentagonal construction has superseded every other. It is only now and then in some very remote and backward agricultural district that an antiquarian may still discover a square house.
  

  3. Concerning the Inhabitants of Flatland

  THE GREATEST length or breadth of a full grown inhabitant of Flatland may be estimated at about eleven of your inches. Twelve inches may be regarded as a maximum.
  Our Women are Straight Lines.
  Our Soldiers and Lowest Classes of Workmen are Triangles with two equal sides, each about eleven inches long, and a base or third side so short (often not exceeding half an inch) that they form at their vertices a very sharp and formidable angle. Indeed when their bases are of the most degraded type (not more than the eighth part of an inch in size). they can hardly be distinguished from Straight Lines or Women; so extremely pointed are their vertices. With us, as with you, these Triangles are distinguished from others by being called Isosceles; and by this name I shall refer to them in the following pages.
  Our Middle Class consists of Equilateral or Equal-Sided Triangles.
  Our Professional Men and Gentlemen are Squares (to which class I myself belong) and Five-Sided Figures or Pentagons.
  Next above these come the Nobility, of whom there are several degrees, beginning at Six-Sided Figures, or Hexagons, and from thence rising in the number of their sides till they receive the honourable title of Polygonal, or many-sided. Finally when the number of the sides becomes so numerous, and the sides themselves so small, that the figure cannot be distinguished from a circle, he is included in the Circular or Priestly order; and this is the highest class of all.
  It is a Law of Nature with us that a male child shall have one more side than his, father, so that each generation shall rise (as a rule) one step in the scale of development and nobility. Thus the son of a Square is a Pentagon; the son of a Pentagon, a Hexagon; and so on.
  But this rule applies not always to the Tradesmen, and still less often to the Soldiers, and to the Workmen; who indeed can hardly be said to deserve the name of human Figures, since they have not all their sides equal. With them therefore the Law of Nature does not hold; and the son of an Isosceles (i.e. a Triangle with two sides equal) remains Isosceles still. Nevertheless, all hope is not shut out, even from the Isosceles, that his posterity may ultimately rise above his degraded condition. For, after a long series of military successes, or diligent and skilful labours, it is generally found that the more intelligent among the Artisan and Soldier classes manifest a slight increase of their third side or base, and a shrinkage of the two other sides. Intermarriages (arranged by the Priests) between the sons and daughters of these more intellectual members of the lower classes generally result in an offspring approximating still more to the type of the Equal-Sided Triangle.
  Rarely - in proportion to the vast numbers of Isosceles births - is a genuine and certifiable Equal-Sided Triangle produced from Isosceles parents.2 Such a birth requires, as its antecedents, not only a series of carefully arranged intermarriages, but also a long, continued exercise of frugality and self-control on the part of the would-be ancestors of the coming Equilateral, and a patient, systematic, and continuous development of the Isosceles intellect through many generations.
  The birth of, a True Equilateral Triangle from Isosceles parents is the subject of rejoicing in our country for many furlongs around. After a strict examination conducted by the Sanitary and Social Board, the infant, if certified as Regular, is with solemn ceremonial admitted into the class of Equilaterals. He is then immediately taken from his proud yet sorrowing parents and adopted by some childless Equilateral, who is bound by oath never to permit the child henceforth to enter his former home or so much as to look upon his relations again, for fear lest the freshly developed organism may, by force of unconscious imitation, fall back again into his hereditary level.
  The occasional emergence of an Equilateral from the ranks of his serf-born ancestors is welcomed, not only by the poor serfs themselves, as a gleam of light and hope shed upon the monotonous squalor of their existence, but also by the Aristocracy at large; for all the higher classes are well aware that these rare phenomena, while they do little or nothing to vulgarize their own privileges, serve as a most useful barrier against revolution from below.
  Had the acute-angled rabble been all, without exception, absolutely destitute of hope and of ambition, they might have found leaders in some of their many seditious outbreaks, so able as to render their superior numbers and strength too much even for the wisdom of the Circles. But a wise ordinance of Nature has decreed that, in proportion as the working-classes increase in intelligence, knowledge, and all virtue, in that same proportion their acute angle (which makes them physically terrible) shall increase also and approximate to the comparatively harmless angle of the Equilateral Triangle. Thus, in the most brutal and formidable of the soldier class - creatures almost on a level with women in their lack of intelligence - it is found that, as they wax in the mental ability necessary to employ their tremendous penetrating power to advantage, so do they wane in the power of penetration itself.
  How admirable is this Law of Compensation! And how perfect a proof of the natural fitness and, I may almost say, the divine origin of the aristocratic constitution of the States in Flatland! By a judicious use of this Law of Nature, the Polygons and Circles are almost always able to stifle sedition in its very cradle, taking advantage of the irrepressible and boundless hopefulness of the human mind. Art also comes to the aid of Law and Order. It is generally found possible - by a little artificial compression or expansion on the part of the State physicians - to make some of the more intelligent leaders of a rebellion perfectly Regular, and to admit them at once into the privileged classes; a much larger number, who are still below the standard, allured by the prospect of being ultimately ennobled, are induced to enter the State Hospitals, where they are kept in honourable confinement for life; one or two alone of the more obstinate, foolish, and hopelessly irregular are led to execution.
  Then the wretched rabble of the Isosceles, planless and leaderless, are either transfixed without resistance by the small body of their brethren whom the Chief Circle keeps in pay for emergencies of this kind; or else more often, by means of jealousies and suspicions skilfully fomented among them by the Circular party, they are stirred to mutual warfare, and perish by one another's angles. No less than one hundred and twenty rebellions are recorded in our annals, besides minor outbreaks numbered at two hundred and thirty-five; and they have all ended thus.
  

  4. Concerning the Women.

  IF OUR highly pointed Triangles of the Soldier class are formidable, it may be readily inferred that far more formidable are our Women. For if a Soldier is a wedge, a Woman is a needle; being, so to speak, all point, at least at the two extremities. Add to this the power of making herself practically invisible at will, and you will perceive that a Female, in Flatland, is a creature by no means to be trifled with.
  But here, perhaps, some of my younger Readers may ask how a woman in Flatland can make herself invisible. This ought, I think, to be apparent without any explanation. However, a few words will make it clear to the most unreflecting.
  Place a needle on a table. Then, with your eye on the level of the table, look at it side-ways, and you see the whole length of it; but look at it end-ways, and you see nothing but a point, it has become practically invisible. Just so is it with one of our Women. When her side is turned towards us, we see her as a straight line; when the end containing her eye or mouth - for with us these two organs are identical - is the part that meets our eye, then we see nothing but a highly lustrous point; but when the back is presented to our view, then - being only sub-lustrous, and, indeed, almost as dim as an inanimate object - her hinder extremity serves her as a kind of Invisible Cap.
  The dangers to which we are exposed from our Women must now be manifest to the meanest capacity in Spaceland. If even the angle of a respectable Triangle in the middle class is not without its dangers; if to run against a Working Man involves a gash; if collision with an officer of the military class necessitates a serious wound; if a mere touch from the vertex of a Private Soldier brings with it danger of death; - what can it be to run against a Woman, except absolute and immediate destruction? And when a Woman is invisible, or visible only as a dim sub-lustrous point, how difficult must it be, even for the most cautious, always to avoid collision!
  Many are the enactments made at different times in the different States of Flatland, in order to minimize this peril; and in the Southern and less temperate climates where the force of gravitation is greater, and human beings more liable to casual and involuntary motions, the Laws concerning Women are naturally much more stringent. But a general view of the Code may be obtained from the following summary: -
  
  1. Every house shall have one entrance in the Eastern side, for the use of Females only; by which all females shall enter "in a becoming and respectful manner"3 and not by the Men's or Western door.
     
  2. No Female shall walk in any public place without continually keeping up her Peace-cry, under penalty of death.
     
  3. Any Female, duly certified to be suffering from St. Vitus's Dance, fits, chronic cold accompanied by violent sneezing, or any disease necessitating involuntary motions, shall be instantly destroyed .
     
  In some of the States there is an additional Law forbidding Females, under penalty of death, from walking or standing in any public place without moving their backs constantly from right to left so as to indicate their presence to those behind them; others oblige a Woman, when travelling, to be followed by one of her sons, or servants, or by her husband; others confine Women altogether to their houses except during the religious festivals. But it has been found by the wisest of our Circles or Statesmen that the multiplication of restrictions on Females tends not only to the debilitation and diminution of the race, but also to the increase of domestic murders to such an extent that a State loses more than it gains by a too prohibitive Code.
  For whenever the temper of the Women is thus exasperated by confinement at home or hampering regulations abroad, they are apt to vent their spleen upon their husbands and children; and in the less temperate climates the whole male population of a village has been sometimes destroyed in one or two hours of simultaneous female outbreak. Hence the Three Laws, mentioned above, suffice for the better regulated States, and may be accepted as a rough exemplification of our Female Code.
  After all, our principal safeguard is found, not in Legislature, but in the interests of the Women themselves. For, although they can inflict instantaneous death by a retrograde movement, yet unless they can at once disengage their stinging extremity from the struggling body of their victim, their own frail bodies are liable to be shattered.
  The power of Fashion is also on our side. I pointed out that in some less civilized States no female is suffered to stand in any public place without swaying her back from right to left. This practice has been universal among ladies of any pretensions to breeding in all well-governed States, as far back as the memory of Figures can reach. It is considered a disgrace to any State that legislation should have to enforce what ought to be, and is in every respectable female, a natural instinct. The rhythmical and, if I may so say, well- modulated undulation of the back in our ladies of Circular rank is envied and imitated by the wife of a common Equilateral, who can achieve nothing beyond a mere monotonous swing, like the ticking of a pendulum; and the regular tick of the Equilateral is no less admired and copied by the wife of the progressive and aspiring Isosceles, in the females of whose family no "back-motion" of any kind has become as yet a necessity of life. Hence, in every family of position and consideration, "back motion" is as prevalent as time itself; and the husbands and sons in these households enjoy immunity at least from invisible attacks.
  Not that it must be for a moment supposed that our Women are destitute of affection. But unfortunately the passion of the moment predominates, in the Frail Sex, over every other consideration. This is, of course, a necessity arising from their unfortunate conformation. For as they have no pretensions to an angle, being inferior in this respect to the very lowest of the Isosceles, they are consequently wholly devoid of brain-power, and have neither reflection, judgment nor forethought, and hardly any memory. Hence, in their fits of fury, they remember no claims and recognize no distinctions. I have actually known a case where a Woman has exterminated her whole household, and half an hour afterwards, when her rage was over and the fragments swept away, has asked what has become of her husband and her children.
  Obviously then a Woman is not to be irritated as long as she is in a position where she can turn round. When you have them in their apartments - which are constructed with a view to denying them that power - you can say and do what you like; for they are then wholly impotent for mischief, and will not remember a few minutes hence the incident for which they may be at this moment threatening you with death, nor the promises which you may have found it necessary to make in order to pacify their fury.
  On the whole we get on pretty smoothly in our domestic relations, except in the lower strata of the Military Classes. There the want of tact and discretion on the part of the husbands produces at times indescribable disasters. Relying too much on the offensive weapons of their acute angles instead of the defensive organs of good sense and seasonable simulations, these reckless creatures too often neglect the prescribed construction of the women's apartments, or irritate their wives by ill-advised expressions out of doors, which they refuse immediately to retract. Moreover a blunt and stolid regard for literal truth indisposes them to make those lavish promises by which the more judicious Circle can in a moment pacify his consort. The result is massacre; not, however, without its advantages, as it eliminates the more brutal and troublesome of the Isosceles; and by many of our Circles the destructiveness of the Thinner Sex is regarded as one among many providential arrangements for suppressing redundant population, and nipping Revolution in the bud.
  Yet even in our best regulated and most approximately Circular families I cannot say that the ideal of family life is so high as with you in Spaceland. There is peace, in so far as the absence of slaughter may be called by that name, but there is necessarily little harmony of tastes or pursuits; and the cautious wisdom of the Circles has ensured safety at the cost of domestic comfort. In every Circular or Polygonal household it has been a habit from time immemorial - and now has become a kind of instinct among the women of our higher classes - that the mothers and daughters should constantly keep their eyes and mouths towards their husband and his male friends; and for a lady in a family of distinction to turn her back upon her husband would be regarded as a kind of portent, involving loss of status. But, as I shall soon shew, this custom, though it has the advantage of safety, is not without its disadvantages.
  In the house of the Working Man or respectable Tradesman - where the wife is allowed to turn her back upon her husband, while pursuing her household avocations - there are at least intervals of quiet, when the wife is neither seen nor heard, except for the humming sound of the continuous Peace-cry; but in the homes of the upper classes there is too often no peace. There the voluble mouth and bright penetrating eye are ever directed to wards the Master of the household; and light itself is not more persistent than the stream of feminine discourse. The tact and skill which suffice to avert a Woman's sting are unequal to the task of stopping a Woman's mouth; and as the wife has absolutely nothing to say, and absolutely no constraint of wit, sense, or conscience to prevent her from saying it, not a few cynics have been found to aver that they prefer the danger of the death-dealing but inaudible sting to the safe sonorousness of a Woman's other end.
  To my readers in Spaceland the condition of our Women may seem truly deplorable, and so indeed it is. A Male of the lowest type of the Isosceles may look forward to some improvement of his angle, and to the ultimate elevation of the whole of his degraded caste; but no Woman can entertain such hopes for her sex. "Once a Woman, always a Woman" is a Decree of Nature; and the very Laws of Evolution seem suspended in her disfavour. Yet at least we can admire the wise Prearrangement which has ordained that, as they have no hopes, so they shall have no memory to recall, and no forethought to anticipate, the miseries and humiliations which are at once a necessity of their existence and the basis of the constitution of Flatland.
  
  
  
  

Instructions for Mentors: Posts

Hi Mentors!

When you are ready to PUBLISH your inspirement posts, be sure to label it! This will file your posts under your page heading.

1. Click on "Labels" on the right of the screen.

2.  Write in the name of the page you want it under. (i.e. resources, Geo-conquest,...) **Note: it does matter if there is a capital or not. Case sensitive. All labels are labelled in lower-case letters except Geo-conquest.

3. Push "Done"

This will keep things organized on your pages.

"Home" will continue to be an orderly timeline of posts as they come in. They will also be under the appropriate pages.

If you need help, ask Suzanne Hanks.

Hammurabi and The Middle East

Vanguard for Tuesday, October 13, will be at the Stoddart home.( 3111 N 575 E North Ogden). We will start at 10 and end at 12. 

We look forward to seeing you all!

Read these few pages on Hammurabi and be prepared to discuss.  Questions to think about: What kind of person was Hammurabi? What two purposes did Hammurabi's code serve? How does this apply to accountability?

Here are a couple of videos that you could watch to get a bit more information on Hammurabi and his code.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eXvM_0rFO-w 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_w5NGOHbgTw 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2vDi25Fonqo

Make Your Own Law Code Stele 

A stele is a carved stone. Hammurabi wanted all to follow his laws and placed many markers around his empire so people would know the laws and obey them. Many great leaders including Washington have made "codes" for themselves to live by. 

Make a stele for yourself that shows the rules you follow either for yourself or your family. You may follow the directions below or make up your own. Bring and teach us about a few or all of your codes you have set for yourself. 

(Taken from Susan Wise Bauers Story of the World" Ancient Times) 

Materials: 

Large sheet of paper (10"x18") 

Scissors, 

saucer, 

ruler, 

colored pencils or crayons

 Directions: 

1. Using a saucer, or other round object, draw a curved line on the corners at the top of the paper. Use scissors to trim the pointed parts off. 

2. Measure down 9" from the top of the page and draw a straight line across the page with your ruler. The top curved portion of the page will be where you draw a straight line across the page with your ruler. The top curved portion of the page will be where you draw your picture and the bottom portion will be where you write your rules. Drawing extra lines with your ruler on the bottom portion of the page will make it easier to keep your writing straight. 

3. When you're finished, hang your stele in your room so that you don't forget the rules! 

 Map Work: 

Copy by hand the map shown of the ancient lands of Hammurabi. Compare it to the modern day area. What has changed? Teach us what was there and how that has changed today.

Geography:

We are working on the Middle East this month which is a real hot spot in today's world as well as it was in the beginning of civilization. We would like you to make some connections this week between the ancient world and our world today.

Choose one or more of these Inspirements to do this week.

Bring a current event to share and discuss with the group that has something to do with the Middle East. (There are many to choose from.) Make sure you know about it so that we can ask you questions.

Learn about one of the countries and bring a presentation for share with us. It needs to take at least 5 minutes.

Research the geography of the Middle East, the terrain, the animal life, what nature disasters occur there, etc. Prepare a 5 minute presentation to enlighten us.

Study the foods in that area of the world and bring some to share. Tell us about some of the ingredients that are different than what we use in American Cooking.

Find some of the areas that are talked about in the Old Testament and share the story with us. What is in that spot today?

The cultures in the Middle East are quite a bit different than ours. Find out about them and come prepared to share.

Research what Abraham, in the Old Testament, has to do with the troubles we are having today in the Middle East. Share what you learned.